Health & Environmental Effects

The issue of biodamages comprises a wide range of scientific and practical tasks associated with protection of raw materials and products against damage by bacteria, fungi, insects and rodents during long-term storage, production, transportation and operation. The biodegradation is used for...

Brominated flame retardants are one of the last classes of halogenated compounds that are still being produced worldwide and used in large quantities in many applications. They are used in plastics, textiles, electronic circuitry, and other materials to prevent fires.

This volume covers...

Compatibility of Pharmaceutical Products and Contact Materials helps pharmaceutical, toxicology, analytical, and regulatory affairs professionals assess the safety of leachable and extractable chemicals associated with drug product packaging, manufacturing systems, and devices. The most...

Instead of using expensive alloys to construct a tank or processing vessel, it is often more economical to use a less expensive metal, such as carbon steel, and install a lining to provide protection from corrosion. Corrosion of Linings and Coatings: Cathodic and Inhibitor Protection and...

Drawing on the experiences of dozens of major corporations, Design for Environment, Second Edition, offers a business rationale for developing sustainable products and processes, as well as a comprehensive toolkit for practicing DFE in the context of product life-cycle management. Learn how...

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A guide to designing safer polymers based on the principles of green chemistry and the EPA's Polymer Exemption Rule Green chemistry, the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and...

Thanks to their low density and tailored properties, polymer matrix composites are attractive candidates for a large number of industrial applications ranging from aerospace to transportation and energy. However, the behaviour of polymer-based materials is strongly affected by a number of...

Food packaging performs an essential function, but packaging materials can have a negative impact on the environment. This collection reviews bio-based, biodegradable and recycled materials and their current and potential applications for food protection and preservation.

The first part...

Interesting reading for anyone looking at developing materials and technologies for alternative energy production, this book offers a broader perspective.

Contributors describes and compares the environmental and economic impacts of renewable and conventional power generation...

A broad overview for everyone looking to reduce the environmental impact of their business,

Contributors present and discuss the technologies engineers need to specify and employ to make manufacturing operations environmentally friendly and conform to environmental...

Covering a broad range of materials and technologies, this book reflects the hierarchy of design, from tools for evaluating environmental hazards of industrial materials and chemicals through to the economics of environmental improvement projects.

Major topics covered include: Chemical...

- investigates the controversial subject of toxic effluents as the cause of the majority of fire deaths and injuries

 - describes the different types of toxic effluents and the specific fires that they produce, their physiological effects and methods for...

This book is about protection of materials and products against colonization and subsequent degradation of their properties.

The book contains 9 chapters each devoted to essential aspects related to biodegradation and biostabilization.

The introductory chapter gives historical...

The fourth edition includes advances in knowledge that have taken place most recently. The new data and the information are integrated with information in previous edition to form consistent up-to-date analysis of the most important findings. In many instances new findings make previous...

Covers recent advances in polymer degradation and stabilization. Focuses on the basics of photo- and bio-degradability. Delineates special and general environmental parameters such as solar irradiation, temperature, and agrochemical exposure. Surveys plastic waste disposal strategies such as...

The use of chemicals in the EU has previously been governed by 40 different directives or laws incorporated into the statute books of member states. The need for a single regulatory system has been apparent to relevant bodies for some time, and REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of...

Nitrogen oxides are common by-products of fossil fuel combustion and are one of the most significant types of air pollution. The nitric oxides react with UV radiation to form oxides of nitrogen, ozone and acids. The nitrogen oxides can have considerable impact of the life of polymers in the...

The first book of its kind, the LCA Handbook will become an invaluable resource for environmentally progressive manufacturers and suppliers, product and process designers, executives and managers, and government officials who want to learn about this essential component of environmental...

Key features:

• Introduces methods and tools for thinking about and designing with materials within the context of their role in products and the environmental consequences
• Contains numerous case studies showing how the methods discussed in the book can be applied to...

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As concern for the environment grows, there is a corresponding trend among colleges and universities worldwide to incorporate sustainability into engineering education. Addressing this growing trend ";Materials and the...

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MDI and TDI are polymer building blocks used in large quantities and have a variety of applications in industry. As their use often involves large numbers of workers they are also subject to stringent health and...

Advanced polymer-based nanocomposite materials continue to become increasingly popular and important for a wide range of engineering applications, as evidenced by continued government initiatives involving R&D and commercialization of these substances. In the race to exploit the unique...

• Provides a concise and readable handbook for practitioners who are trying to implement sustainability strategies for packaging
• Draws on the expertise of researchers and industry practitioners to
• provide information on business benefits and...

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Paint and Coatings: Applications and Corrosion Resistance helps designers, engineers, and maintenance personnel choose the appropriate coatings to best protect equipment, structures, and various components from...

Clearly lays out the issues related to plastics' effects on the environment, while also serving as a practical, non-academic guide for making sustainability decisions about plastics recycling and the newest bio-based plastics

Company managers, product developers, policy...

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Plastics offer a variety of environmental benefits. However, their production, applications, and disposal present many environmental concerns. Plastics and the Environment provides state-of-the-art technical and...

This multi-authored book - from some of the leading researchers and practitioners on this topic - is a distinctive look at how to maximize profitability through environmental compliance in the plastics supply chain, a topic of great and ever-growing interest in the industry.

This...

The extensive use of plastics in food packaging has led to ever more stringent legislative measures. They're designed to protect consumers from the possible transfer of toxic chemicals when food comes into contact with these substrates. The rapid development of plastics, including degradable and...

Plastics and rubber are two very different, important materials which are used a great deal in our everyday life, both in indoors and outdoors. However, there is still, controversy surrounding the use of certain polymers and there are also some misconceptions surrounding their use.

In...

Since their first industrial use polymers have gained a tremendous success. The two volumes of "Polymers - Opportunities and Risks" elaborate on both their potentials and on the impact on the environment arising from their production and applications.

This volume "Polymers - Opportunities...

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In light of new regulations in the EU, America, and Japan, polymer producers have been forced to recycle. This book provides discussion on the impact of reusing polymers such as plastic and rubber on the...

This Practical Guide presents one of the most complete overviews of this important topic, covering smoke generation (including obscuration, toxicity, corrosivity), small and large scale smoke assessment, regulation of smoke, and methods of controlling smoke by plastics formulation. In particular...

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In recent years the need for sustainable process design and alternative reaction routes to reduce industry's impact on the environment has gained vital importance. The book begins with a general overview of new trends in designing industrial chemical processes which are environmentally...

- provides an essential guide to the potential toxic effects of building materials on health
- comprehensively examines materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compounds
- later chapters focus on issues...

The assessment of all materials - and especially elastomeric and plastic components – for the presence of leachable and extractable components, forms an important part of the submission for approval of a new drug system or medical device.

This Update gives a detailed,...

In spite of extensive efforts, material weathering testing still requires improvement. This book presents findings and opinions of experts in material degradation testing. The aim is to improve testing methods and procedures. Materials are presented to show that photochemical degradation rate...