1. Introduction
1.1 Objective
1.2 Discovery
1.3 The Rubber Molecule
1.4 Synthetics
1.5 Principal Uses of Several Elastomers
2. Rubber Stress-Strain Behavior
2.1 Challenges of Rubber Behavior
2.2 Characteristics of Stress-Strain Behavior
3. A Theory of the Elastomer Stress-Strain Curve
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Internal Structure of the Vulcanized Elastomer
3.3 Assumptions and Hypotheses
3.4 Elastomer Behaviors
4. Stress-Strain Testing
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Tensile Testing
4.3 Shear Testing
4.4 Biaxial Testing
4.5 Compression Testing
4.6 Summay
5. Design Equations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Design Equations for Various Geometries
5.3 Summary
6. Calculation Methods for Spherical Elastomer Bearings
6.1 Introduction
6.2 History of the Spherical Bearing
6.3 Mathematical Description of the Bearing
6.4 Shear Strain of Pads under Angular Deflection
6.5 Axial Loads
6.6 Torsional Loads
7. Finite Element Analysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Procedure
7.3 Material Model or Constructive Equations
7.4 Fitting Equations to Test Data
7.5 O-Ring Seal with Pressure
7.6 Rubber Boot
7.7 Summary
8 Fatigue
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Parameters affecting the Strain-Life Curve
8.3 Failure Criteria
8.4 R-Ratio
8.5 Combined Strain Rate
8.6 Wave Form
8.7 Creep and Stress Rate
8.8 Frequency and Strain Rate
8.9 Effect of Temperature
9 Fitting the Strain-Life Curve
10 Fatigue Life Estimation
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Single Wave Forum, the e-N method
10.3 The Miner's Number
10.4 The Deterministic Fatigue Spectrum
10.5 Sample Calculation of the Miner's Number
10.6 White Noise
11 Fatigue Crack Growth and Tearing Energy
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Griffith Strain Energy Release Rate
11.3 Rivlin and Thomas Tearing Energy
11.4 Shortcut Formulas for T
11.5 Tearing Energy Applied to Fatigue Crack Growth
11.6 Limitations
11.7 Summary and Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Appendix