High Performance Polymers and Engineering Plastics

Provides a one–stop source for up–to–date synthesis details, properties and applications of high performance engineering plastics.

Over the last decade, several new families of high performance polymers and engineering plastics have been reported which find enhanced application potential in the more challenging industrial areas like aerospace, defense, energy, electronics, automotives, and special surface coatings. Such polymers provide an improved set of properties like higher service–temperatures at extreme conditions and good mechanical strength, dimensional stability, thermal degradation resistance, environmental stability, gas barrier, solvent resistance, and electrical properties.

High Performance Polymers and Engineering Plastics presents the various categories of high performance polymers including poly(phenylene ether), polysulfones, poly(aryl ether ketone), poly(oxadiazole), poly(imide), poly(ether amide), poly(ether amide imide), poly(naphthalene), liquid crystalline polymers and poly(amide imide). It provides up–to–date synthesis details, properties, characterization, and applications for such systems in order to give readers and users better information to select the required material.

The volume provides the following features:

• Inclusion of a wide range of high performance and engineering plastics
• Details on the synthesis and properties of each of the polymer
• Orientation towards the partical industrial applications
• Chapters from some of the world′s most well–known and respected experts in the field

Preface

List of Contributors

1 High Performance Polymers: An Overview 1 - V Mittal

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Poly (ether amide) and Poly(ether amide-imide) 3

1.3 Poly(arylene ether) 7

1.4 Benzoxazine Polymers 8

1.5 Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) 11

1.6 Polytriazole 14

1.7 Hyperbranched Conjugated Polymers 15

1.8 Alternating Copolymers 19

1.9 References 20

2 Synthesis and Properties of Polyoxadiazoles 21 - Dominique de Figueiredo Gomes

2.1 Introduction 21

2.2 Synthesis of Polyoxadiazoles in Poly(phosphoric acid) 24

2.3 Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyoxadiazoles 27

2.4 Application Fields 32

2.5 References 46

3 Conjugated Polymers Based on Benzo[l,2-b:4,5-b'] dithiophene for Organic Electronics 49 Huaxing Zhou and Wei You

3.1 Introduction 49

3.2 General Synthetic Methods for BDT Monomers and Polymers 50

3.3 Application of BDT-Based Polymers in OFET and PSC 56

3.4 Outlook 76

3.5 References 76

Polysulfone-Based Ionomers 81 - Cristina Iojoiu and Rakhi Sood

4.1 Introduction 81

4.2 Polysulfone Backbone and Selection of the Ionic Function 83

4.3 lonomer Synthesis and Characterization 85

4.4 Conclusion 107

4.5 References 107

5 High-Performance Processable Aromatic Polyamides 111 S Banerjee and S Maji

5.1 Introduction 111

5.2 Monomers 113

5.3 Polymerization 116

5.4 Major Problem with Aromatic Polyamides 121

5.5 Approaches to Processable Polyamides 121

5.6 Processable Linear Aromatic Polyamides 122

5.7 Processable Hyperbranched Aromatic Polyamides 134

5.8 Properties 143

5.9 Applications 149

5.10 Conclusion 162

5.11 References 162

6 Phosphorus-Containing Polysulfones 167 - Oana Petreus and Tudor Petreus

6.1 Introduction 167

6.2 Synthesis of Phosphorus Containing Polysulfones 171

6.3 Properties of Phosphorus-Containing Polysulfones (P-PSF) 178

6.4 High Performance Applications of Phosphorus-Containing Polysulfones 188

6.5 References 198

7 Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polyimides 205 - Atsushi Morikawa

7.1 Introduction 205

7.2 Synthesis of Polyimides 207

7.3 Properties of Aromatic Polyimides 211

7.4 Conclusions 238

7.5 References 240

8 The Effects of Structures on Properties of New Polytriazole Resins 243

Farong Huang, Liqiang Wan, Lei Du, YanhongHu, Yanpeng E and Yujing Li

8.1 Introduction 244

8.2 The Preparation of Polytriazole Resins 245

8.3 Reactivity of Crosslinkable Polytriazole Resins 251

8.4 Glass Transition Temperatures of Polytriazole Resins 253

8.5 Mechanical Properties of Polytriazole Resins 259

8.6 Dielectric Properties of Polytriazole Resins 260

8.7 Thermal Stabilities of Polytriazole Resins 261

8.8 Conclusions 263

8.9 Acknowledgement 265

8.10 References 265

9 High Performance Fibers 269 Mehdi Afshari, Richard Kotek, Peng Chen

Introduction 269

9.1 PIPD or "M5" Rigid Rod 270

9.2 "Zylon" PBO Rigid Rod Polymer Fibers 279

9.3 Aromatic Polyamide-Rigid Rod "Kevlar" Poly(p-Phenylene Terephthalamide) Fibers 296

9.4 Spectra, Dyneema UHMWPE Flexible Polymer Chain 307

9.5 Carbon Fibers 318

9.6 Advances in Improving Performance of Conventional Fibers 323

9.7 Conclusions 331

10 Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (aryl ether ketone) Copolymers 341 G Wang

10.1 Introduction 341

10.2 General Synthetic Methods of PAEK Copolymers 342

10.3 Synthesis and Characterization of Structural Poly (aryl ether ketone) Copolymers 342

10.4 Synthesis and Characterization of Liquid Crystalline Poly (aryl ether ketone) Copolymers 351

10.5 Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (aryl ether ketone) Copolymers with Pendent Group 367

10.6 Synthesis and Characterization of poly (aryl ether ketone) copolymers with Containing 2,7 -Naphthalene Moieties 377

11 Liquid Crystalline Thermoset Epoxy Resins 387 - P . Kannan and P. Sudhakara

11.1 Liquid Crystals 387

11.2 Liquid Crystalline Thermosets Based on Epoxy Resins 392

11.3 Synthesis and Physical Properties of LCERs 396

11.4 References

Index