Nano-scale additives used in plastics, as well as in other materials, include graphene (of various forms) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These additives promise to reduce weight and improve properties at a different level than traditional reinforcing additives.

Graphene is a form of carbon in a single layer, two-dimensional honeycomb lattice that provides exceptional mechanical strength, electrical conductivity and thermal performance, along with other benefits, explained manufacturer Black Swan Graphene. Various forms of graphene with different numbers of layers and functional groups have different advantages.

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